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Instituut voor Studie van Schimmel in Menselijke
Woningen |
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Institut pour l'Etude de Moisissure Fongique dans
Habitations Humaines |
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Forschung Institut für Schimmelpilze in
Innenräumen |
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MYCOLOGICAL INSTITUTE
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for the study
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FUNGAL MOLD
IN HUMAN HABITATIONS |
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If you care about our
animal friends please link to this page
Should Dogs be Used to Inspect for Toxic
Mold? |
Aspergillosis is a non contagious disease
of a number of animal species caused by fungi of the genus Aspergillus (usually A. fumigatus).
Other potentially pathogenic species are A.
flavus, A. nidulans, A. deflectus, A. niger and A. terreus
. These fungi occur widely in nature and the usual mode of
infection is by inhalation with the production of granulomatous
lesions and nodules in the respiratory tract from which there
may be dissemination to other tissues and organs.
Infections may also, but less frequently, begin in the alimentary
tract. Disseminated aspergillosis originating from pulmonary or
intestinal aspergillosis is a rare disease of dogs and cats. It
is more common in immunosuppressed animals and in those under
prolonged antibiotic treatment. Disseminated aspergillosis is
probably most often diagnosed following necropsy. If diagnosed
ante mortem it is treated long term with itraconazole or amphotericin
B.
Nasal or paranasal aspergillosis is seen most commonly in the
dog
Diagnosis - In general diagnosis is usually
based on the isolation and identification of the Aspergillus
species from appropriate clinical specimens and the demonstration
of typical septate hyphae in biopsies or tissue sections.
See treatment below.
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| Rottweiler crossbred dog with nasal
aspergillosis
A Rottweiler crossbred dog with nasal aspergillosis
due to Aspergillus fumigatus infection.
Note the loss of pigment below the nostril on the worst
affected side - this finding is suggestive of a diagnosis
of chronic nasal aspergillosis in the dog. |
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Aspergillus sinusitis in a dog
Long nosed dogs are at relatively high risk of
Aspergillus sinusitis as shown in this
example
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Canine Nasal
Aspergillosis
Labrador retriever with nasal infection by Aspergillus
terrus. With early diagnosis and intervention this state could
have been avoided. |
(© Dr. R. Mallik, Sydney, Australia |
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English Pointer with nasal
aspergillosis
treated by topical enilconazole injected through
surgically inserted indwelling plastic tubes. (see treatment)
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(© Dr. R. Mallik, Sydney, Australia) |
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HEART
INFECTION
| Myocardial aspergillosis
When the heart
is involved in an inflammatory process, often caused
by Aspergillus sp.
G ranuloma within the myocardium(middle layer of heart
muscle) of dog. Commonly resulting in "enlarged heart"
leading to death.
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(© Dr. Michael Day, University of
Bristol) |
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EYE INFECTION
| Retinal Aspergillosis (dog
J) Section of retina from a German shepherd
dog with disseminated aspergillosis. Fungal hyphae and inflammatory
cells are found within the vitreous(eye).
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(© Dr. Michael Day, University of Bristol)
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WASTING
A 2 year old, male German shepherd dog with
disseminated aspergillosis due to
Aspergillius terreus. The
marked loss of condition of this dog occurred within two months of initial
diagnosis.
(© Dr. Michael Day, University of Bristol) |
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PARAPALEGIA
A 2 year old, female German shepherd dog with disseminated aspergillosis
due to Aspergillius terreus. There
is muscle wasting and paraplegia due to discospondylitis involving
T13-L1.
(© Dr. Michael Day, University of Bristol)
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KIDNEY
INFECTION
| Saggital section of kidney from a German shepherd dog
with disseminated aspergillosis. There are granulomata within
the medulla, and fungal material within the renal pelvis.
Renal involvement in canine disseminated aspergillosis is
common, and the demonstration of fungal hyphae within urine
sediment is a useful screening test. |
(© Dr. Michael Day, University of Bristol) |
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DISCOSPODYLITIS-SPINAL
CORD
| Discospondylitis Saggital section of the vertebral
column of a dog with discospondylitis as part of disseminated
aspergillosis due to Aspergillus terreus.
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(© Dr. Michael Day, University of
Bristol) |
OSTEOMYELITIS
LYMPH GRANULOMA |
| Draining sinus tract on left forelimb of a 4 year old,
female Dalmatian with disseminated aspergillosis. There was an
underlying osteomyelitis of distal humerus from which
Aspergillus terreus was
cultured. |
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| Lymph node granuloma. Section of
lymph node granuloma from a German shepherd dog with
disseminated Aspergillosis
stained
for canine IgA by immunofluorescence. The fungal hyphae within
the centre of the lesion have surface IgA, and IgA-bearing
plasma cells are present within the surrounding inflammatory
infiltrate. This apparently 'inappropriate' usage of IgA in a
systemic immune response, may be part of a wider problem of
'IgA dysregulation' in German shepherd dogs, and may be one
factor predisposing dogs of this breed to disseminated
aspergillosis. |
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See this disease occurrence in humans
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PULMONARY
DISEASE
Pulmonary aspergillosis
( PAS) (cat T)PAS
stained section of lung from cat T.
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(© Dr. Michael Day, University of
Bristol |
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MENINGITIS
Meningitis (dog
R)Grocott-stained serial section of the previous
slide for dog R reveals the presence of fungal material at the centre of
each microgranuloma. These lesions were not cultured, but Aspergillus spp .
was identified by immunohistochemical examination using a panel
of specific antisera. There was no evidence of systemic involvement in
this dog. This case was reported in Veterinary Record 1995,
136: 38-41.
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(© Dr. Michael Day, University of Bristol
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Books by Dr Michael Day BSc, BVMS(Hons), PhD, FASM, Dipl.
ECVP, MRCPath, FRCVS
Dr Day is Reader in Veterinary Pathology at the University of
Bristol. He is a diagnostic histopathologist and runs a clinical
immunology diagnostic service. His research interests cover
experimental models of autoimmunity and a range of companion animal
immune-mediated and infectious diseases.
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ORDER |
By Michael J. Day An excellent resource for veterinarians
in practice and in training, Clinical Immunology of the
Dog and Cat provides information on such topics as immunodeficiency
disease, immune system neoplasia, and immunotherapy.
Illustrations, including 670 color diagrams and photographs
form clinical cases, cover radiography, endoscopy, cytology,
gross and microscopic pathology, immunopathology, and electron
microscopy.
A list of abbreviations and references for additional
reading further complement this reference book. Also, a set of
symbols, defined in a key, is used to consistently represent
immunological molecules and cells in diagrams throughout the
book.
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ORDER
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By
Michael J. Day, Andrew Mackin, Janet D. Littlewood
Bridges
the disciplines of clinical pathology, internal medicine, and
critical care in a single volume. The manual is divided into
the three following sections including haematology,
haemostasis, and transfusion medicine.
About the Author: Michael J.
Day, BSc, BVMS (Hons), PhD, FASM, Dipl ECVP,
MRDCPath, FRCVS, is senior lecturer in veterinary pathology,
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, School of Veterinary
Science, University of Bristol, UK.
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VETERINARY DIAGNOSITICS
Domestic crossbred cat with disseminated aspergillosisDiff Quik
stained squash preparation of material obtained from thoracotomy of a 3
year old domestic crossbred cat with invasive Aspergillus
fumigatus
infection. The cat had marked enlargement of the hilar lymph nodes that
resulted in a partial tracheal obstruction. This smear was made from
portions of the hilar lymph node resected at thoracotomy. Magnification x
132.
(© Dr. R. Mallik, Sydney,
Australia |
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Disseminated aspergillosis in a German Shepherd
Hyphae of
Aspergillus
terreus in the urine
of a young German Shepherd dog with disseminated aspergillosis.
White blood cells are present in addition to the fungal hyphae. Wet
preparation of urine; magnification x 132
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(© Dr. R. Mallik, Sydney,
Australia |
Treatment for
Veterinary Aspergillosis
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